34 3Research Background•Traveltimeisanimportantindextoevaluatetheservicelevelofroadsections,routesandnetwork.•Inordertocollectthetraveltimeoftargetroadsections,thedatacollectedfromtheProbeCarSystem(PCS)hasbeenutilizedfrom2000worldwide.•InJapan,probecardatacollectedfromtheoperatedtaxiinthelocalcitycannotbeusedtoestimatetraveltime,wherethesamplerateofthePCSdataissmall.•PCSdatafromthebuslocationsystem(BLS)isapromisingmethod,whichcanbeusedforevaluatethechangeoftraveltimeduetoroadcongestionmeasures.Figure 1 Website of Bus Location System of Oiden Bus in Toyota CityRailway5.0%10.8%Bus0.7%1.2%Car72.0%61.4%Two wheels7.4%11.0%Walk14.2%14.4%Unknown0.7%1.2%0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%LegendToyota CityChukyo Region4Research Background•ThemodelshareofprivatecarsinToyotaCityisaround72.0%,whichis10.6%higherthattheaverageleveloftheChukyoRegioninJapan.•Roadcongestioninpeakhoursaresevere,especiallyintheregionneartheheadofficeofToyotaMotorCorporation(TMC).Itmighthappenasthefactthattherehadbeenmorethan25,800workersworkingin7differentfactoriesby2011.Source: Transportation Master Plan of Toyota City (2017) 10.6% higherFigure 2 Mode shares of the principle transport mode of Toyota City and Chukyo Region
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